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1.3 Drawing layout and presentation 1.3 Drawing layout and
presentation
Dr. Benny Raphael
Assistant Professor, Department
of Building, NUS Introduction
For effective communication drawings have
to follow standard conventions and
practices. Professional standards exist in
layout and presentation. Layout
Important to have drawings logically and neatly
arranged to give a balanced layout
Parts of a drawing sheet
Filing margin
Title and information panel
Project title, name, drawing number, scale, date, etc.
Minimum space to be used for title and information
panel => more space for drawing Layout
Border
Title
block
Title
Name
Date
Scale Title block Title block: Another style
1
DRAWING
NO.
DRAFT 1
STATUS
AS SHOWN
SCALE
RAPHAEL
DRAWN BY
ALEXANDRA HOSPITAL
PROJECT
9
3
3 Lines
Thin reference grid, dimension, hatching
Medium general details
Thick Margin lines, outline to emphasize certain
details
Broken concealed edges Section lines Section lines Lettering
To provide information on drawing
General notes may be collected in groups
Specific particulars should be near the items
to which they relate
Should not obscure any part of the drawing Graphic symbols
Time can be saved and confusion avoided if standard
range of symbols is used these are found in CP6:1978
Get familiar with the standard symbols for
Electrical, gas and water installations
Plumbing and sanitary drainage
Fire fighting systems
Doors and windows
Landscaping
Representation of materials
Common symbols Dimensions
Should not be confused with the figure
Two units used
m written with three decimal points
mm written without decimals
Eg.
3.3000
- implied unit m
330
- implied unit mm Working drawings
Plan a view from above projected on a
horizontal plane. Building plans are drawn
for each floor at one meter above floor
level cutting through walls, doors, windows
Elevations external faces of buildings
including doors and windows
Sections taken vertically through a building
cutting through foundations, walls, etc. Projections
Projections provide a view of a 3D object on
a 2D surface.
Orthographic
Isometric
Axonometric
Perspective Orthographic projection
In orthographic projection principal planes of
projection are at right angles to each
other. Isometric projection
Length, breadth and height are shown in
one drawing
Vertical lines remain unchanged. Horizontal
lines are drawn at 30
0
to the horizontal Axonometric projection
Similar to isometric.
Horizontal lines are drawn 45
0
to the
horizontal Perspective projection
Similar to images obtained by a camera.
Lines (projectors) are drawn from the eye
(position of camera) to the object. Where these
lines meet the plane of projection, points are
plotted.
Parallel lines do not remain parallel Projections: Examples Example 1 Example 2
Plan
Elevation
Side View Example 3 Summary
Conventions for drawing layout and
presentation should be followed.
Orthographic, isometric and perspective
projections are important in conveying
information.