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Shell Chemical - Online Literature
EPON® Resin 828
General description
EPON® Resin 828 is an undiluted clear difunctional
bisphenol A/epichlorohydrin derived liquid epoxy resin.
When cross-linked or hardened with appropriate curing
agents, very good mechanical, adhesive, dielectric and
chemical resistance properties are obtained. Because of
this versatility, EPON Resin 828 has become a standard
epoxy resin used in formulation, fabrication and fusion
technology.
End-use applications
Fiber reinforced pipes, tanks and composites
q
Tooling, casting and molding compounds
q
Construction, electrical and aerospace adhesives
q
High solids/low VOC maintenance and marine
coatings
q
Electrical encapsulations and laminates
q
Chemical resistant tank linings, flooring and grouts
q
Base resin for epoxy fusion technology
q
Application and fabrication techniques
The viscosity and cure properties of EPON Resin 828
allows its use under various application and fabrication
techniques including:
Spraying & brushing
q
Filament winding
q
Pressure laminating
q
Vacuum-bag laminating
q
Pultrusion
q
Casting
q
Molding
q
Trowling
q
Sales specifications
Epoxide equivalent weight
a
185- 192
Viscosity
b
, at 25 °C, poise
110- 150
Color
c
, Gardner
1 max
Typical properties
Physical form
Clear liquid
Pounds/gallon at 25 °C (77 °F)
9.7
Density, g/ml at 25 °C (77 °F)
1.16
Flash point, °Fd
No flash at 249
°C (480 °F)
Vapor pressure,
mm Hg at 77 °C (170 °F)
0.03
Refractive index at 25 °C (77 °F)
1.573
Specific heat,
cal/g/°C (BTU/lb/°F)
0.5(0.3)
aGrams of resin containing one gram equivalent of epoxide. Shell Analytical
Method HC-427D-89 (Perchloric Acid Method).
bShell Analytical Method HC-397A-87 (Determination of the Viscosity of
Liquids by Ubbehlode Viscometer).
cASTM method D-1544-80.
dASTM D 93.
Curing agents
EPON Resin 828 can be cured or cross-linked with a
variety of curing agents depending on properties desired
in the finished product and the processing conditions
employed. Some commonly used curing agents,
recommended concentrations, typical cure schedules
employed in major end-use applications, plus sources for
these curing agents are displayed in Table 1.
Shell Chemical - Online Literature
http://www2.shellchemical.com/CMM/WEB/GLOBCH....NSF/Literature/SC%3A235-96.828?OpenDocument (1 of 8) [10/10/1999 8:30:11 AM] Table 1/Curing agents for EPON® Resin 828
Curing Agent
1
Physical
State
Recommended
Concentration
range, phr
2
Typical
Cure
Schedule
Time °C
(°F)
Deflection
Temperature
3
°C (°F)
Applications
4
Suppliers
5
Aliphatic Amines
1. EPI- CURE® 3223
(DETA)
Liquid
12
7d, 25(77)
120(250)
ABCDEFHI
5
2. EPI-CURE 3234 (TETA)
Liquid
13
7d, 25(77)
120(250)
ABCDEFHI
5
3. EPI-CURE 3200 (AEP)
Liquid
22
24h, 25(77)
& 1h,
150(300)
120(250)
BCEFGH
5
4. EPI-CURE 3270
Liquid
75
14d, 25(77)
56(133)
ABCDEFHI
5
5. EPI-CURE 3271
Liquid
18
14d, 25(77)
66(151)
ABCDEFHI
5
6. EPI-CURE 3274
Liquid
40
14d, 25(77)
?
ABCDEFHI
5
7. Jeffamine D-230
Liquid
35
7d, 25(77)
68(155)
ABCDEFHI
1
8. Jeffamine D-400
Liquid
55
30 min, 115
(240)
31(88)
ABCEFH
1
Cycloaliphatic Amines
9. EPI-CURE 831 (IPDA)
Liquid
23
1h, 100(212)
& 1h,
150(300)
146(295)
BC
5
10. EPI-CURE 3370
Liquid
38
7d, 25(77)
56(133)
ABCDEFHI
5
11. EPI-CURE 3382
Liquid
63
7d, 25(77)
63(145)
ABCDEFHI
5
12. EPI-CURE 3383
Liquid
60
24h, 25(77)
& 2h,
100(212)
54(129)
ABCDEFHI
5
Polyamides
13. EPI-CURE 3115
Liquid
120
1h, 100(212)
85(185)
AB
5
14. EPI-CURE 3125
Liquid
90
7d, 25(77)
90(195)
ABCEFH
5
15. EPI-CURE 3140
Liquid
75
7d, 25(77)
115(240)
ABCEFH
5
Amidoamines
16. EPI-CURE 3015
Liquid
50
16h, 25(77)
& 2h,
93(200)
--
ABCDEFHI
5
17. EPI-CURE 3055
Liquid
50
16h, 25(77)
& 2h,
93(200)
67(153)
ABCDEFHI
5
18. EPI-CURE 3072
Liquid
35
14d, 25(77)
59(138)
ABCDEFHI
5
Aromatic Amines
19. EPI-CURE Z
Metastable
Liquid
20
2h, 80(175)
& 2h,
150(300)
50(300)
BCDGHI
5
20. EPI-CURE Y
Metastable
Liquid
25
2h, 80(175)
& 2h,
150(300)
160(320)
BCDGHI
5
21. EPI-CURE W
Liquid
5
22.Metaphenylenediamine
(MPDA)
Solid
14
2h, 80(175)
& 2h,
150(300)
150(300)
BCDGHI
3
Shell Chemical - Online Literature
http://www2.shellchemical.com/CMM/WEB/GLOBCH....NSF/Literature/SC%3A235-96.828?OpenDocument (2 of 8) [10/10/1999 8:30:11 AM] 23. Methylene dianiline
(MDA)
Solid
27
2h, 80(175)
& 2h,
150(300)
160(320)
BCDEGHI
13
24. Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone
(DADS)
Solid
25
5h, 125(257)
& 1h,
200(392)
170(350)
BCDGHI
2, 13
Anhydrides
25. Methyl tetrahydrophthalic
Anhydride (MTHPA)
Liquid
80
2h, 120(250)
& 2h,
150(300)
130(266)
BCDGHI
9, 14, 11
26. NADIC Methyl Anhydride
(NMA)
Liquid
90
1h, 120(250)
& 2-24h,
260(500)
180(356)
BCDGHI
9, 14
27. Hexahydrophthalic
Anhydride (HHPA)
Solid
80
1h, 80(175)
& 2h,
150(300)
130(265)
BCDGHI
12, 8, 14
Catalysts and
Miscellaneous
28. 2-Ethyl- 4-Methyl
Imidazole (EMI-24)
Metastable
Liquid
3
4h, 50(1400)
& 2h,
170(340)
170(340)
BCDGHI
15, 16
29. BF
3
-Monoethylamine
(BF
3
-MEA)
Solid
3
1h, 120(250)
& 2h,
170(340)
170(340)
BCDGHI
17
30. Diethlaminopropylamine
6
Liquid
6
30 min,
115(240)
100(212)
ABC
6
31. Dicyandiamide
Solid
4
1h, 177(350)
150(300)
BCDGHI
18, 19
Table 1/Curing agents for EPON® Resin 828 (continued)
1Cures can be effected with these curing agents over a wide range of temperatures. Higher temperatures yield shorter cure times and highest Tg.
2Parts of curing agent per 100 parts of resin.
3Systems cured at room temperature were post cured at elevated temperature to achieve deflection values.
4Application codes: A - Coatings; B - Adhesives; C - Castings; D - Moldings; E - Flooring; F - Paving; G - Electrical Laminates; H - Structural Laminates;
I-Filament Winding.
5Supplier Code:
Huntsman Chemical
1.
RSA Corporation
2.
E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Chemicals & Pigments Dept.
3.
Harshaw Chemical Company
4.
Shell Chemical Company
5.
BASF Corporation
6.
American Cyanamid - Industrial Chemical Div.
7.
Milliken & Company
8.
Lindau Chemicals, Inc.
9.
Anhydrides and Chemicals, Inc.
10.
Dixie Chemical Co., Inc.
11.
Buffalo Color Corp.
12.
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
13.
Lonza
14.
Interchem
15.
Shell Chemical - Online Literature
http://www2.shellchemical.com/CMM/WEB/GLOBCH....NSF/Literature/SC%3A235-96.828?OpenDocument (3 of 8) [10/10/1999 8:30:11 AM] Polyorganix
16.
Atotech
17.
SKW Trotsbery
18.
Ashland Chemical
19.
6Dimethylamino propylamine may be substituted at expense of slightly reduced pot life. Sources are 2 and 16.
Performance characteristics of cured EPON
Resin 828
Mechanical properties
High performance, high strength materials are obtained
when this resin is cured with a variety of curing agents.
Unfilled systems in common use have tensile values
greater than 10,000 psi (69 MPa) with modulus values
greater than 400,000 psi (2750 MPa). Such systems are
normally very rigid. If greater flexibility is needed systems
can be formulated to provide up to 300% elongation.
Adhesive properties
One of the most widely recognized properties of cured
EPON Resin 828 is strong adhesion to a broad range of
substrates. Such systems exhibit shear strength of up to
6,000 psi (41 Mpa). One factor which contributes to this
property is the low shrinkage shown by these systems
during cure. Compared to other polymers, epoxy resins
have low internal stresses resulting in strong and durable
finished products.
Electrical properties
EPON Resin 828 cured systems have very good
electrical insulating characteristics and dielectric
properties. For example, systems can be obtained with
anhydride and amine curing agents having volume
resistivities up to 1 x 1016 ohm-cm, dielectric constants
of 3-5 and dissipation factors of 0.002 to 0.020 at
ambient conditions. Electrical encapsulations, laminates
and molding compounds are frequently based on EPON
Resin 828.
Chemical resistance
Cured EPON Resin 828 is highly resistant to a broad
range of chemicals, including caustic, acids, fuels and
solvents. Chemically resistant reinforced structures and
linings or coatings over metal can be formulated with
EPON Resin 828.
Formulating techniques
The primary components of a thermosetting resin formula
are the epoxy resin and the hardener or curing agent.
However, in practice other materials are normally
incorporated to achieve special properties. For example,
inert fillers such as silicas, talcs, calcium silicates, micas,
clays and calcium carbonate can be added to further
reduce shrinkage and improve dimensional stability.
Also, reactive diluents can be added to EPON Resin 828
Figure 1/Viscosity at 25°C of EPON® Resin 828
blends with various diluents
Shell Chemical - Online Literature
http://www2.shellchemical.com/CMM/WEB/GLOBCH....NSF/Literature/SC%3A235-96.828?OpenDocument (4 of 8) [10/10/1999 8:30:11 AM] to reduce viscosity. The effect on viscosity by adding
such materials is shown in Figure 1.
Fusion technology
EPON Resin 828 is the product of choice for a resin
chemist using a specific fusion catalyst when processing
proprietary solid epoxy resins or epoxy esters. Upon
request, Shell can provide EPON Resin 828 exhibiting
extremely low hydrolyzable and total chlorine, two end
groups that may be deleterious to res