ernment and,
except to the extent indicated below, is public property and not sub-
ject to copyright.
Copyrighted material included in the manual has been used with the
knowledge and permission of the proprietors and is acknowledged as
such at point of use. Anyone wishing to make further use of any
copyrighted material, by itself and apart from this text, should seek
necessary permission directly from the proprietors.
Reprints or republication of this manual should include a credit sub-
stantially as follows: Joint Departments of the Army, the Navy and
the Air Force, TM 5-864/NAVFAC MO-200/AFJMAN 32-1082.
If the reprint or republication includes copyrighted material, the
credit should also state: Anyone wishing to make further use of
copyrighted material, by itself and apart from this text, should seek
necessary permission directly from the proprietor.
Tables 13-l and 16-1 are reprinted from table 2 of IEEE Std 18-1992
and table 11.1 of IEEE Std 519-1992 respectively.
Copyright 1993 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engi-
neers, Inc. The IEEE disclaims any responsibility or liability resulting
from the placement and use in this publication. Information is re-
printed with the permission of the IEEE. TM 5-684/NAVFAC MO-200/AFJMAN 32-1082
HEADQUARTERS
T
ECHNICAL
M
ANUAL
No. 5-684
DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY,
N
AVY
P
UBLICATION
NAVFAC MO-200 THE NAVY, AND THE AIR FORCE
A
IR
F
ORCE
J
OINT
M
ANUAL
No. AFJMAN 32-1082 W
ASHINGTON
, D.C.
29 November 1996
ELECTRICAL EXTERIOR FACILITIES
C
HAPTER
1. INTRODUCTION
S
ECTION
I-PRIMARY CONSIDERATIONS
Purpose and scop
e
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Application of codes and publications.
.....................................................
Standardsofmaintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance responsibilities.
.............................................................
Maintenance records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Priority and scheduling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
ECTION
II-SAFETY
Minimizinghazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Qualification of electric workers.
..........................................................
Certification of electric workers
...........................................................
Publicsafety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personnel

safety
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Live-linemaintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
ECTION
III-AVOIDING PROBLEMS
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Detecting potential trouble
...............................................................
Electrical connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C
HAPTER
2. INSPECTION AND TESTS
S
ECTION
I-PERFORMANCE
Determining equipment condition
.........................................................
Reasons for inspections and tests
.........................................................
Associated test guidance and records.
.....................................................
S
ECTION
II-REQUIREMENTS
Electric workers, instruments, and reports
Frequencyofinspection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C
HAPTER
3. TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATIONS
S
ECTION
I-GOVERNING CONSIDERATIONS
Typeofsubstationscovered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical system relationships.
...........................................................
Substation
safety

concern
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Substation security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Periodic inspections of substations
........................................................
Visual inspections of substations
..........................................................
Infrared inspections of substations
........................................................
S
ECTION
II-STRUCTURE MAINTENANCE
Importance
of

maintenance.....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Galvanized
steel

structure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Painted steel structures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aluminumstructures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Concrete for structure foundations
........................................................
Structure connections and joints
..........................................................
S
ECTION
III-SUBSTATION YARDS
Provisionofyards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fences for yards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warningsignsatyards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Substation

yards
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paragraph Page
l - l
l-2
l-3
l-4
l-5
l-6
l-7
l - l
l - l
l - l
l - l
l - l
l-2
l-2
l-8
l-9
l-10
l-11
1-12
1-13
l-3
l-3
l-3
l-3
l-3
l-3
1-14 l-4
1-15 l-4
1-16 l-4
2-l 2-l
2-2 2-l
2-3 2-l
2-4 2-2
2-5 2-2
3-l 3-l
3-2 3 - l
3-3 3-l
3-4 3-l
3-5 3-l
3-6 3-l
3-7 3-l
3-8 3-2
3-9 3-2
3-10 3-3
3-11 3-3
3-12 3-3
3-13 3-3
3-14 3-3
3-15 3-3
3-16 3-3
3-17 3-3
3-18 3-3
This manual supersedes TM 5-684/NAVFAC MO-200/AFM 91-3, dated 20 April 1979 TM

5-684/NAVFAC MO-200/AFJMAN

32-1082
S
ECTION
IV-INSULATORS
Function
of
insulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Testsofinsulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection and repair of insulators
........................................................
Cleaningofinsulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
ECTION
V-BUS STRUCTURES
Definitionofbus structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance of bus structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cleaningofbus structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Testingofbus structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
ECTION
VI-INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Definitions of instrument transformers
....................................................
Short-circuiting dangers.
.................................................................
Maintenanceofinstrumenttransformers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tests of instrument transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
ECTION
VII-BUSHINGS
Definition
of

bushing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type of bushings covered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenanceofbushings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bushingpowerfact