eft: 10pt; margin-right: 0pt;
text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; line-height: 19pt;">1) Identify properties of periodic waveforms and calculate
the DC and RMS values of periodic waveforms.

2) Perform calculations using complex numbers and analyze
AC circuits using phasor analysis.

3) Use various analysis techniques to analyze AC circuits,
including mesh and node equations, source transformations, superposition,
Thevenins and Nortons theorems.

4) Perform power calculations on AC circuits and systems
in order to determine real power, reactive power, apparent power, complex
power, and power factor.

5) Perform power factor correction on AC circuits.

6) Analyze 3-phase circuits, including wye and delta
generators as well as wye and delta loads, with an emphasis on unbalanced
systems.

7) Perform power calculations in 3-phase systems, including
the use of the 2-wattmeter method and the 3-wattmeter method.

Class 2 - AC Circuits

Objectives:

This review session is designed to review material
and provide practical examples such that the student will be able to:

Reading material: 

1)  EE Ref. Manual, 6th Ed., Camara,

    Chapter 27 AC Circuit Fundamentals

2)  Handout:  Extra Problems for Week #2

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PE-Electrical Review Course - Class 2 (AC Circuits)

Waveforms

Periodic Waveforms:

A periodic waveform satisfies the relationship v(t<sub>1)
= v(t1 + T) where

T = period (in seconds)

f = frequency (in Hertz, Hz)

w = radian frequency (in rad/s)

Sinusoidal Waveforms:

Sinusoidal waveforms are periodic waveforms described
by

v(t) = Vpcos(wt +
)        where  Vp
= peak or maximum voltage      and

= phase angle in degrees where a shift
to the left is positive and a shift to the right is

     
negative (as with any function)

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PE-Electrical Review Course - Class 2 (AC Circuits)

Leading and Lagging Waveforms:

A waveform leads another when a specific point on
the waveform (such as a zero crossing) occurs earlier in time than it
does for the second waveform.  In the example shown,

V<sub>1
leads V2 by angle
q      
and

V2
lags V1 by angle
q

Note:   The time difference, tD, 
between V1 and V2 can be converted to an angle using:

Average (DC) Value of Periodic Waveforms:

VDC = VAVG = DC or average voltage, which is
defined as follows:

Similarly, 

Two ways to find the average (DC) value:

1)  By inspection  (or by using a simple
or weighted average)

2)  By integration (using the integral definitions
shown above)

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PE-Electrical Review Course - Class 2 (AC Circuits)

Example 1:

Find the average value, I<sub>AVG ,  of the following
periodic waveform:

Example 2:

Find the average value, VAVG ,  of the following
periodic waveform:

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PE-Electrical Review Course - Class 2 (AC Circuits)

Example 3: