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NASA CE&R Midterm Briefing CA-1: Exploration Super System (ESS)
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
NASA CE&R Midterm Briefing
CA-1: Exploration Super
System (ESS)
December 2004
www.andrews-space.com 2
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
Overview Introduction
Overview (Agenda)
CA-1 Roadmap Exploration Objectives
Decomposition & Maturation
Relationship to Architecture Architecture Overview/ Definition
Assumption & Groundrules
Mission Definition
System Updates
CONOPS Definition
Top Level Development Timelines
Alternatives to be traded Trades & Analyses for ESS & CEV
Definition
Connection with Architecture
Outcomes/Expected Results
Surprises Technology Requirements
Relationships to Architecture
Development Plans Exploration Program / Tech Risk
Significant Risk Definition
Architecture Specific
Mitigation Approaches 3
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
SuperSystem Roadmap
NASA
Input
Objectives
FOMs
Requirements
DRC
Analysis
Process
Trade
Execution
Requirements
Verification
Baseline
Analysis
Preferred
Solution
SSRD:
SuperSystem
Requirements
Document
SSDD:
SuperSystem
Description
Document
Progress To Date
Upcoming Activity
System DRM &
Requirements
Options
Definition
All characteristics of the SuperSystem
Design are traceable to NASA
Requirements / Objectives 4
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
Exploration Objectives Introduction
Overview (Agenda)
CA-1 Roadmap Exploration Objectives
Decomposition & Maturation
Relationship to Architecture Architecture Overview/ Definition
Assumption & Groundrules
Mission Definition
System Updates
CONOPS Definition
Top Level Development Timelines
Alternatives to be traded Trades & Analyses for ESS & CEV
Definition
Connection with Architecture
Outcomes/Expected Results
Surprises Technology Requirements
Relationships to Architecture
Development Plans Exploration Program / Tech Risk
Significant Risk Definition
Architecture Specific
Mitigation Approaches 5
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
DRC Development Process
21
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
NoMission
Destination
Year
1 Orbital Surveyor
Phobos
2012
2 Communications Relay System
TBD
2014
3 Navigation System
TBD
2016
4 Exploration Rover
Phobos
2018
5 Power System
Phobos
6 Base Modules I (habitat)
Phobos
2020
7 Phobos Base Crew I (Base Construction, Phobos ISRU)
Phobos
8 Phobos Base Logistics I
Phobos
9 ISRU Plant
Phobos
2021
10 Phobos Base Crew II (Mars Sample Return)
Phobos
11 Phobos Base Logistics II
Phobos
12 Base Modules II (science labs)
Phobos
13 Mars Sample Return Rover (to Phobos)
Mars
2022
14 Mars Sample Return (to Earth via Phobos with Crew Return)
Earth
15 Optionally Piloted Excursion Vehicle
Mars
16 Test ISRU Plant
Mars
17 Phobos Base Crew III (Mars Base Construction, Mars ISRU)
Phobos
18 Phobos Base Logistics III
Phobos
2023
19 Phobos Base Crew III (Mars Excursion)
Phobos
20 Phobos Base Logistics III
Phobos
21 Power Plant
Mars
22 ISRU Plant
Mars
2024
23 Phobos Base Crew IV (Mars Base)
Phobos
24 Phobos Base Logistics IV
Phobos
25 Mars Base Module
Mars
26 Mars Base Crew I
Mars
27 Mars Base Logistics I
Mars
2025

DRC-2: Robotic & Human Mars Exploration Infrastructure
Communications
Navigation Phobos
Robotic precursors
Crewed Base
ISRU (for Mars transport) Mars
Teleops Sample Return
ISRU Crewed Excursion Mission
Crewed Base
2020
Mars Exploration
2025
2015
2010
2005
DRC
Robotic / Cargo Mission
Crewed Mission
1
7
Robotic Mars Missions already planned
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
17
14
15
16
18
13
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
16
FOM
DRC
Tools
Analysis
21
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
NoMission
Destination
Year
1 Orbital Surveyor
Phobos
2012
2 Communications Relay System
TBD
2014
3 Navigation System
TBD
2016
4 Exploration Rover
Phobos
2018
5 Power System
Phobos
6 Base Modules I (habitat)
Phobos
2020
7
Phobos Base Crew I (Base Construction, Phobos ISRU)
Phobos
8 Phobos Base Logistics I
Phobos
9 ISRU Plant
Phobos
2021
10
Phobos Base Crew II (Mars Sample Return)
Phobos
11 Phobos Base Logistics II
Phobos
12 Base Modules II (science labs)
Phobos
13
Mars Sample Return Rover (to Phobos)
Mars
2022
14
Mars Sample Return (to Earth via Phobos with Crew Return)
Earth
15 Optionally Piloted Excursion Vehicle
Mars
16 Test ISRU Plant
Mars
17
Phobos Base Crew III (Mars Base Construction, Mars ISRU)
Phobos
18 Phobos Base Logistics III
Phobos
2023
19
Phobos Base Crew III (Mars Excursion)
Phobos
20 Phobos Base Logistics III
Phobos
21 Power Plant
Mars
22 ISRU Plant
Mars
2024
23
Phobos Base Crew IV (Mars Base)
Phobos
24 Phobos Base Logistics IV
Phobos
25 Mars Base Module
Mars
26 Mars Base Crew I
Mars
27 Mars Base Logistics I
Mars
2025

DRC-2: Robotic & Human Mars Exploration Infrastructure
Communications
Navigation Phobos
Robotic precursors
Crewed Base
ISRU (for Mars transport) Mars
Teleops Sample Return
ISRU Crewed Excursion Mission
Crewed Base
2020
Mars Exploration
2025
2015
2010
2005
DRC
Robotic / Cargo Mission
Crewed Mission
1
7
Robotic Mars Missions already planned
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
17
14
15
16
18
13
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
16
FOM
DRC
Tools
Analysis
22
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
DRC-3/4: Robotic/Telescopic Solar System Exploration Robotic Solar System Exploration
Earth Observation Missions (1 every 2 years)
Outer Planet Missions (2015 & 2020) Telescopic Solar System Exploration
Earth- Sun L2 (EL2)
Earth Trailing (20 deg)
1 every 4 years
Telescopic Exploration
Robotic Exploration
2020
2015
2010
2005
DRC
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
6
10
1
2
3
4
NoMission Date
Destination
1 Earth Observation I
2006
LEO
2 Earth Observation II
2008
Earth-Sun L1
3 Earth Observation III
2010
LEO
4 Earth Observation IV
2012
Earth-Sun L2
5 Earth Observation V
2014
LEO
6 Outer Planet Mission
2015
Jupiter System
7 Earth Observation VI
2016
Earth-Sun L3
8 Earth Observation VII
2018
LEO
9 Earth Observation VIII 2020
Earth-Sun L4
10 Outer Planet Mission
2020
Saturn System

No Mission Date
Destination
1 Space Telescope (L2)
2008 Sun-Earth L2
2 Space Telescope (Earth Trailing) 2012 Earth Trailing
3 Space Telescope (L2)
2016 Sun-Earth L2
4 Space Telescope (Earth Trailing) 2020 Earth Trailing

FOM
DRC
Tools
Analysis
22
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
DRC-3/4: Robotic/Telescopic Solar System Exploration Robotic Solar System Exploration
Earth Observation Missions (1 every 2 years)
Outer Planet Missions (2015 & 2020) Telescopic Solar System Exploration
Earth- Sun L2 (EL2)
Earth Trailing (20 deg)
1 every 4 years
Telescopic Exploration
Robotic Exploration
2020
2015
2010
2005
DRC
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
6
10
1
2
3
4
NoMission Date
Destination
1 Earth Observation I
2006
LEO
2 Earth Observation II
2008
Earth-Sun L1
3 Earth Observation III
2010
LEO
4 Earth Observation IV
2012
Earth-Sun L2
5 Earth Observation V
2014
LEO
6 Outer Planet Mission
2015
Jupiter System
7 Earth Observation VI
2016
Earth-Sun L3
8 Earth Observation VII
2018
LEO
9 Earth Observation VIII 2020
Earth-Sun L4
10 Outer Planet Mission
2020
Saturn System

No Mission Date
Destination
1 Space Telescope (L2)
2008 Sun-Earth L2
2 Space Telescope (Earth Trailing) 2012 Earth Trailing
3 Space Telescope (L2)
2016 Sun-Earth L2
4 Space Telescope (Earth Trailing) 2020 Earth Trailing

FOM
DRC
Tools
Analysis
23
Project Constellation
Project Constellation
Robotic Exploration Data Sources Current forecasts for space telescopes
show preferences for two locations:
Sun-Earth L2
Earth trailing Robotic exploration missions:
Earth Observation
Deep Space Probes
Mission Date
Mass
[kg] Destination
Comments
Kepler 2007
1,200 Earth Trailing
Heliocentric
Four year mission, no service.
Space
Interferometry
Mission (SIM)
2009
5,310 Earth Trailing
Heliocentric
5 year life, increasing distance (not in
phase with Earth.
James Webb
Space
Telescope
(JWST)
2011
8,000 Sun-Earth L2 5 10 year mission, no service
requirements currently
Constellation X
2013
?? Sun-Earth L2 Current plans call for four satellites
Laser
Interferometer
Space Antenna
(LISA)
2013
?? Earth Trailing
Helioce