e exhibition, Anne Militello: Radiate (Not Fade Away), was a significant event for
both lighting and visual art, according to author and gallery director
Barry Neuman
Celestial Centerpiece
32
Designer
Hank Forrest
describes Fisher Marantz Stones lighting
of the Rose Center for Earth and Space
Lighting Mr.duPonts Legacy
38
The ambitious computerized relighting of Winterthura classic American country estate
and home to 85,000 antiquespresented
Hefferan Partnership Inc.
with a unique
challenge: To heed the concerns of museum conservators, but also the intentions
of the renowned collector, the late Henry Francis duPont
Lighting Learning
46
From trains to childrens science, the dynamic exhibits at Philadelphias Franklin Institute
integrate the theatrical and educational. Heres how
Ewing Cole Cherry Brott
did it
Mood River
50
Still waters run deep in
John Bohuslawskys
lighting of contemporary objects
from the worlds of commerce, culture and art at the Wexner Center
DEPARTMENTS
3 Energy Concerns
7 Beardsleys Beat
10 Regional Voices
11 Views on the Visual
Environment
15 Letters to the Editor
22 Digital Perspectives
23 IES News
43 Progress Report
Submittal Form
53 Howard Brandston
Student Lighting Design Form
57 Light Products
58 Scheduled Events
63 Classified Advertisements
63 Ad Offices
64 Ad Index
46
ABOUT THE COVER: Fisher Marantz Stone's lighting of the Rose Center for
Earth and Space includes the Hall Heilbrunn Cosmic Pathway, where continuous
neon on the ramp reinforces the seamless dramatic journey.
Photo: Dennis Finnin and Jeff Goldberg/ESTO.
APRIL 2002
VOL. 32/NO. 4 LD
+
A/April 2002 3
www.iesna.org
I
reported in my February column
that in the 1993 attack on the
World Trade Center, the terrorists
parked the van with explosives in
the underground garage. The ensu-
ing explosion took out the emer-
gency generator and the stairway
and exit lights connected to it. The
buildings owner, The NY/ NJ Port
Authority, immediately replaced
those lighting units with energy effi-
cient exit signs and stairlanding
luminaires that contained emer-
gency battery packs. On Sep-
tember 11, 2001, that new emer-
gency lighting, done eight years ear-
lier, was credited with saving thou-
sands of lives in the evacuation of
the towers, because it provided illu-
mination in the stairways, until trag-
ically, the buildings collapsed.
That lesson was not lost on the
NYC Fire Department, or on safety
engineers that work for insurance
companies, because they too are
insisting their clients provide fail-
safe emergency lighting for safe
egress, whether or not owners are
required to do so by code.
The most popular fluorescent
battery pack costs approximately
$50, delivers about 600 lumens,
and uses about 10 W, which
comes to about $ 5,000 per kil-
lowatt. Thats certainly more cost-
ly than a kilowatt delivered by an
emergency generator, but it simpli-
fies the wiring and circuiting and
frees up generator capacity for
other critical loads.
Bi-level lighting can help defray
the cost of installing battery packs,
because it is configured to provide
minimum code levels of lighting
when the stairway or corridor is
unoccupied, but when someone is
detected in the space, the lighting
level immediately goes up to a
much higher level. And theres a lot
of energy wasted in stairways and
corridors when lights are on and
theres no one in the space.
After several successful studies
on both coasts, weve learned peo-
ple are present in corridors of multi-
story apartment houses only 30
percent of the time, and in stair-
ways of most hi-rise buildings only
10 percent of the time. Thats
counting the 15 minute delay put
on the relay to hold the lights on,
after all occupants have left, to pre-
vent the too-frequent switching of
lamps. Sun Industries just complet-
ed the relighting of the stairways in
the county office building in Mer-
ced, CA, where the lighting level
drops 70 percent when the stair-
ways are empty, and comes full-on
when someone enters a stairway
landing. As soon as the occupant
heads up or down the stairs, the
lights on the landing they are head-
ing for come full on, and stay on for
15 minutes after they have left.
With bi-level lighting, you have
three choices in providing for the
low-level lighting; 1) using only
some of the fixtures, 2) using some
of the lamps, or 3) by using a high-
low electronic ballast in each lumi-
naire, with its own sensor, making it
a smart fixture.
One ballast manufacturer offers
high-low electronic ballasts with full
light outut on the high side and 10
percent, 30 percent or 50 percent
Willard L.
Warren,
PE, LC,
FIESNA
ENERGY
CONCERNS
President
Pamela K. Horner, LC
Manager, Technical Training
OSRAM SYLVANIA
Past President
Martyn K. Timmings, LC
Vice-President, Market Development
Canlyte - The Genlyte Thomas Group
Senior Vice-President
Randy Reid
Senior Director
Telemics, Inc.
Executive Vice-President
William Hanley, CAE
Vice-President-Design & Application
Douglas Paulin, LC
Product Manager
Ruud Lighting
Vice-PresidentEducational Activities
Fred Oberkircher, LC
Director
TCU Center for Lighting Education
Texas Christian University
Vice-President-Member Activities
Ronnie Farrar, LC
Lighting Specialist
Duke Power
Vice-President-Technical & Research
Ronald Gibbons
Lighting Research Scientist, Advanced
Product Test and Evaluation Group
Virginia Tech Transpor tation Institute
Treasurer
Patricia Hunt, LC
Hammel Green & Abrahamson
Directors
Balu Ananthanarayanan
Wisconsin DOT
Anthony J. Denami, LC
Gresham Smith & Partners
Donald Newquist, LC
Professional Design Associates, Inc.
John R. Selander, LC
Kirlin Company
Joel Seigel, LC
Edison Price Lighting
James L. Sultan, LC
Studio Lux
Regional Vice-Presidents/Directors
Jeff Martin, LC
Tampa Electric Company
Russ Owens, LC
West Coast Design Group
2001-2002
Board of Directors
IESNA
On a
retrofit project,
a cost analysis
will determine
how fast
a pay-back
can be
obtained
with each
of the different
high-low ballast
options. output on the low side. These high-
low ballasts are much less expen-
sive than dimming ballasts, and
serve the purpose of providing two
levels of illumination without
switching the lamps on and off and
possibly shortening their life.
The choice of which level to use
for the low side depends on the size
of the luminaires, what spacings
they are on, and how many foot-
candles have to be provided. On a
retrofit project, a cost analysis will
determine how fast a pay-back can
be obtained with each of the differ-
ent high-low ballast options.
If you chose instead to turn off
selected fixtures, or lamps, to
achieve the low-level of light,
remember that stairways are wired
vertically, as opposed to corridors,
which are generally wired in circuits
that distribute power horizontally. If
you use two sensors in a very long
corridor, you have to determine how
many wires are in the existing con-
duits so you can separately control
the luminaires downstream from
each sensor. Generally, you need at
least two wires to control the low-
level lighting and two additional
wires to switch to the high level
when someone enters the corridor.
If there arent four wires in the con-
duits, the electrical contractor has
to pull two additional wires.
For what its worth, no two retro-
fit jobs are alike, and on the 46-
building complex we completed
recently, the installing electrical
contractor, 25 years ago, hired
three sub- contractors to help him
do the job, and each of the four con-
tractors ran the home runs in risers
down to the panel boards from dif-
ferent points on the floor, compli-
cating the rewiring.
However, if you use a smart fix-
ture, one with self contained sen-
sors, relays, circuit boards and high-
low ballasts, then the contractor
just has to make a one- for- one
replacement , which may be cheap-
er in the long run than having him
(or her) pull new wires.
The lighting fixtures in the public
corridor nearest the stairway
entrances get emergency battery
packs, and all the stairlanding lumi-
naires should be UL listed for emer-
gency use.
The energy savings with bi-level
lighting are substantial, sometimes
exceeding 50 percent of the cost of
lighting the common areas, just by
reducing the lighting level in stair-
ways and corridors when they are
unoccupied.
Just ask me about it at LIGHT-
FAIR INTERNATIONAL in June or at
the IESNA Annual Conference in
August, and I promise to chew your
ear off.
At that IESNA Conference we will
have a panel of experts, including
Terry McGowan of EPRI, Peter
Boyce of LRC, Carol Jones of
Battelle and Guy Newsham of the
Canadian National Research Coun-
cil discussing the latest research in
visibility and what effect it may
have on human performance. I rec-
ommend that you get a copy of the
hot off the presses Technical
Report published by EPRI entitled,
Lighting and Human Performance
II, edited by Mark Rea and Peter
Boyce of the Lighting Research
Center (LRC) at Rensselaer Poly-
technic Institute. Order the report
from EPRI at 1-800-313-3774, then
press 2 and order publication #
1006415.
There will be an open book exam
at the conference!
4
LD
+
A/April 2002
www.iesna.org
Publisher
William Hanley, CAE
Editor
Charles W. Beardsley
Assistant Editor
Roslyn Lowe
Associate Editor
John-Michael Kobes
Art Director
Anthony S. Picco
Associate Art Director
Samuel Fontanez
C