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S T R E E T S T O R I E S
SEPTEMBER 2007
L I G H T I N G D E S I G N + A P P L I C A T I O N
L I G H T I N G D E S I G N + A P P L I C A T I O N
FOCUS ON
STREET + AREA
LIGHTING
FOCUS ON
STREET + AREA
LIGHTING
S T R E E T

S T O R I E S
HOW TECHNOLOGY, REGUL ATIONS AND
FUNDING SHAPE ROADWAY LIGHTING departments
6
Editorial
8
Letters
12
Executive Vice President Reports

14
Updates
16
Energy Advisor

20
Education

24
LED Watch

28
IIDA Merit Badges
62
Book Review

65
Light Products
71
Events

74
Classified Advertisements
77
Ad Offices & Ad Index
78
New and Sustaining Members
80
IES FYI
ON THE COVER:
Projects across North America demonstrate how new technology, budget
constraints and government mandates all play a part in street lighting applications.
S T R E E T & A R E A L i g H T i N g
September 2007
VOL. 37/NO. 9
43
56
37
30
features
30
Reinventing HistoRy
The relighting of the landmark U.S. Custom House opened
New York Citys eyes to a structure that for too long had
been lost in the shadows
37
nigHt LigHting tHe sunsHine state
After being justified in writing, lighting goes along for
the ride on I-95 in Florida, benefiting both drivers and the
surrounding neighborhoods
43
FRom stReet to sHining stReet
Public works officials from Los Angeles, Las Vegas and
Philadelphia share their street lighting stories
48
Rise oF tHe LeD City
Municipalities such as Raleigh and Toronto are at the
vanguard of LED application for street and area lighting
53
getting a Fix on stReet LigHting assets
Self-reporting fixtures can help take the guesswork out of
streetlight maintenance
56
RoLe PLayeR
University of Phoenix Stadium makes a bold
architectural statement in the desert with flexible lighting
that can accommodate a variety of events LD+A is a magazine for professionals involved in the art, science,
study, manufacture, teaching, and implementation of lighting. LD+A
is designed to enhance and improve the practice of lighting. Every
issue of LD+A includes feature articles on design projects, technical
articles on the science of illumination, new product developments,
industry trends, news of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America, and vital information about the illuminating profession.
Statements and opinions expressed in articles and editorials in LD+A
are the expressions of contributors and do not necessarily represent
the policies or opinions of the Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America. Advertisements appearing in this publication are the
sole responsibility of the advertiser.
LD+A (ISSN 0360-6325) is published monthly in the United States of
America by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America,
120 Wall Street, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10005, 212-248-5000.
Copyright 2007 by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY 10005 and
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able on microfilm from Proquest Information and Learning,
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Publisher
William Hanley, CAE
Editor/Associate Publisher
Paul Tarricone
Associate Editor
Rebecca Falzano
Assistant Editor
Roslyn Lowe
Art Director
Samuel Fontanez
Associate Art Director
Petra Domingo
Columnists
Emlyn G. Altman Paul Deeb
Doug Paulin Paul Pompeo
Willard Warren
Book Review Editor
Paulette Hebert, Ph.D.
Marketing Manager
Sue Foley
Advertising Coordinator
Leslie Prestia
Published by IESNA
120 Wall Street, 17th Floor
New York, NY 10005-4001
Phone: 212-248-5000
Fax: 212-248-5017/18
Website: www.iesna.org
Email: iesna@iesna.org
E D I T O R I A L

www.iesna.org
Paul tarricone
Editor/Associate Publisher
ptarricone@iesna.org
Vol.37/No.09
The article on the expansion
of I-95 in Florida
(p. 37) could have easily been titled The Two Percent Solution. That was
approximately the budget allocation for lighting on this project ($1.5 million for
lighting vs. a total cost of $74 million).
Two percent of the budget on a project of this sizea 6-mi swath of I-95
through Palm Beach Countywould seem to be pocket change for Florida DOT.
Especially considering what was already bundled into the project: roadway
widening from six to 10 lanes; landscaping; storm water detention ponds; and
sound walls. Furthermore, the new lighting on I-95 is hardly exotic; conventional
poles with HPS lamps and cobra-head luminaires, 170 median barrier-mounted
dual-arm poles and some decorative poles for a boulevard cross street at one of
the West Palm Peach interchanges are among the techniques.
Whats more interesting than the lighting design is the fact that such a small
investment in lighting had to be officially justified, in the form of a report
submitted by the design firm to FDOT. At first, I thought that was a slap in the
face (Why should lighting have to be justified? I asked), but according to project
manager Jim Fleagle, thats standard operating procedure in Florida. In fact,
Fleagle went on to say that Florida actually seems progressive when it comes
to including highway lighting studies and lighting in their state road project
budgets. By requiring a Lighting Justification Report, FDOT may be more pro-
gressive and responsive (in terms of safety and economics) to Florida residents.
Other states may not place highway lighting in their budgets, or may require the
local governments to fund the cost of highway lighting.
More information on the FDOT lighting justification procedure can be found
at www.dot.state.fl.us/TrafficOperations/Operations/Studies/MUTS/Chapter15.
pdf. On the one hand, its admirable that Florida uses a painstakingly detailed
cost-benefit analysis (comparing the cost of the lighting to the cost of auto-
mobile crashes) to justify an investment in lighting; every dollar spent should
be explained when taxpayer money is being used.
On the other hand, I keep coming back to that two percent budget outlay. Do we
really need a report to tell us that lighting is worth at least that much on the most
famous highway along the East Coast? L E T T E R S

www.iesna.org
Full-cutoff Is Here
To Stay
I would like to offer a different
perspective to Ed Morels recent let-
ter Full-cutoff is Not the Answer
(LD+A, June). Full-cutoff or fully
shielded lighting (FCO) will con-
tinue to be specified in state and
municipal outdoor lighting regula-
tions and will eventually be required
for almost all cobra head roadway
and parking lot applications.
In his letter, Mr. Morel stated that
proven research shows that full-
cutoff luminaires do more harm
than good by causing an increase
in sky glow. Clearly, many design-
ers of quality outdoor lighting and
certainly all astronomers involved
in dark sky efforts disagree. His
statement overlooks two impor-
tant considerations: the sky glow
versus uplight question; and, most
importantly, nuisance glare.
The latest TM-15 establishes the
new IESNA Luminaire Classification
System. The LCS recognizes two
solid-angle sections (SAS) for light
emitted directly above the 90-deg
horizontal: one SAS for light dis-
persed between the 90-deg and
100-deg; with the second SAS rep-
resenting light cast between 100-
deg and 180-deg.
The rationale for dividing light
emitted above the 90-deg horizon-
tal into two SAS is recognition
that not all uplight is created equal
and, no matter what the applica-
tion concernglare, light trespass,
distribution, uniformity or light
pollutionlight in those SAS is
important.
If the concern is sky glow, light
in the 90-deg to 100-deg SAS is
important because light travels fur-
ther from the luminaire horizontally
and there is more chance for light
scatter caused by atmospheric
effects. In fact, some models indi-