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LEED: Make Lighting Green
ELECTRICAL DESIGN LIBRARY
LEED: Make Lighting Green INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................1
SETTING THE LEVELS ...................................................................................................2
SPECIFYING EFFICIENCY .............................................................................................4
CONTROLLING & HARVESTING LIGHT ........................................................................5
MAINTAINING THE SAVINGS .........................................................................................6
Electrical Design Library (EDL) publications are prepared for architects, consulting
engineers, and qualified electrical contractors, as well as owners, developers, investors,
and their electrical construction specifying personnel. Issued periodically by the National
Electrical Contractors Association (NECA), the publications provide factual explanations
of the increasing variety of sophisticated electrical systems and the economics of their
installation by professional electrical contractors. They are distributed by the Associations
chapters, located in all sections of the United States. Photo on page 1 is courtesy of the U.S.
Green Building Council.
©Copyright 2005 by the National Electrical Contractors Association. All rights reserved.
Published by the National Electrical Contractors Association, 3 Bethesda Metro Center,
Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
Contents
Index No.
3025114
Marketing
9K/10/05 PAGE 1
Introduction
T
hough less than a
decade old, the U.S.
Green Building Coun-
cils Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED)
standards are already having a sig-
nificant impact on the materials and
systems that clients are demanding
and architects and engineers are
specifying.
Initially directed only toward
new commercial construction,
LEED standards now also target
core-and-shell construction and
interior build-outs as well as exist-
ing commercial construction. They
are also expanding into residential
construction and development.
Developers who seek to
minimize their buildings impact
on the environment and maxi-
mize the comfort and well-being
of building occupants use the
clear guidelines and quantifiable
goals in the standards.
LEED offers a point-based system and provides
varying levels of certificationcertified, silver, gold,
and platinum. This system allows designers to balance
the costs and benefits of specific products and construc-
tion practices.
Whats more, many developers now turn to the
LEED standards for guidance even when they have
no intention of seeking LEED certification. Plus, build-
ing professionals from all disciplines are earning LEED
accreditation to help their clients enact the standards
sometimes complex requirements.
As a significant contributor to energy bills and oc-
cupant comfort, lighting is addressed throughout the LEED
standards. Specific guidelines include limiting exterior light
pollution and allowing individual lighting controls.
Lighting is also included as part of larger goals, such
as meeting the overall energy-use targets of the American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning En-
gineers (ASHRAE) Standard 90.1-1999, Energy Standard
for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings.
Lighting manufacturers are responding with new
lamps, fixtures, and controls to help designers and owners
meet LEED efficiency and comfort targets.
Building team members with specific design ques-
tions should consult applicable LEED rating systems and
referenced standards, along with LEED-accredited profes-
sionals. This publication provides a general overview of
issues the building team should consider when designing
and specifying lighting systems for LEED-compliant new
construction, including:
Interior and exterior lighting levels;
Fixture and lamp specification;
Control-system design; and
Ongoing lighting-system maintenance. PAGE 2
Setting the Levels
E
mbedded in the LEED
rating system for new
construction is required
compliance with ASHRAE/IESNA (Il-
lumination Engineering Society of North
America) Standard 90.1-1999. Standard
90.1-1999 is specified as a minimum; lo-
cal energy codes, if stricter, should serve
as a minimum performance criterion for
buildings submitted for certification.
With this requirement, the rating
system ensures that buildings meet a
minimum, baseline efficiency standard.
As of 2005, this LEED requirement is
somewhat redundant, asunder U.S.
law (Department of Energy regulations),
all new buildings are now required to
meet ASHRAE 90.1 guidelines.
Designers gain additional LEED
credit for improving a buildings en-
ergy performance beyond what would
have been achieved through follow-
ing the ASHRAE/IESNA standard.
Documented energy simulations are
required to determine the degree to
which buildings meet or surpass base-
line performance levels.
Required interior lighting lev-
els are not specifically called out in the LEED system.
Thats because Standard 90.1-1999 incorporates highly
detailed lighting power-density tables for a range of
building types and areas. The goal here is two-fold:
reduce the amount of energy consumed by lighting sys-
tems and reduce resulting cooling loads by cutting the
amount of heat that lighting systems produce.
LEED guidelines provide more specific requirements
for exterior lighting. These are intended to minimize the
impact of outside illumination on the evening sky. In addi-
tion to referencing the IESNAs Recommended Practice
Manual: Lighting for Exterior Environments, LEEDs Light
Pollution Reduction credit outlines some specific perfor-
mance criteria, including:
Exterior luminaires with more than 1,000 initial
lamp lumens should be shielded.
Exterior luminaires with more than 3,500 initial
lamp lumens should meet IESNAs full-cutoff
classification.
The maximum candela value of all interior light-
ing should fall within the building, not shine out
through windows.
The maximum candela value of all exterior lighting
should fall within the property.
Luminaires within a distance of 2.5 times their
mounting height from the property boundary
should be shielded so that no light from them
crosses the property boundary.
ASHRAE, IESNA & The NEIS
ASHRAE is the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration,
and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
IESNA is the Illuminating Engineering Society of North
America.
NEIS are National Electrical Installation Standards.
In cooperation with IESNA, the National Electrical
Contractors Association, develops and publishes several
National Electrical Installation Standards.
NECA/IESNA 500-1998, Recommended Practice for Installing
Indoor Commercial Lighting Systems (ANSI)
NECA/IESNA 501-2000, Recommended Practice for Installing
Exterior Lighting Systems (ANSI).
NECA/IESNA 502-1999, Recommended Practice for Installing
Industrial Lighting Systems; and
NECA/IESNA 504 - Standard for Installing Lighting Control
Devices and Systems.
For additional information, see the NECA-NEIS web site at
www.NECA-NEIS.org/standards and select Lighting from the
menu at the left. PAGE 3
LEED Fact Sheet
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Green Building Rating System is a volun-
tary standards and certication program that denes high-performance green buildingswhich are
more environmentally responsible, healthier, and more protable structures. Developed by USGBC,
it addresses a variety of buildings and building project types through individualized systems, including:
New Construction (LEED-NC)
Existing Buildings (LEED-EB)
Commercial Interiors (LEED-CI)
Core & Shell (LEED-CS)
Homes (LEED-H)
Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND)
In addition, application guides are available to provide information and instruction about applying
LEED to market segments. Application guides include Campuses, Retail, Labs, Healthcare and Schools.
LEED rating systems are developed through a consensus process in USGBC committees. Each volun-
teer committee is composed of a diverse group of practitioners and experts representing a cross-sec-
tion of the building and construction industry. Any USGBC member can serve on a committee, and
all committee procedures and proceedings are available at www.usgbc.org.
Getting Certied
LEED-certied buildings have lower operating costs, higher lease rates, and happier and healthier oc-
cupants than conventionally-constructed structures. Certication under LEED validates to the mar-
ket that your building is green and setting standards and measures for the buildings performance.
There are four progressive levels of certication: Certied, Silver, Gold, and Platinum. To get certi-
ed, projects must be registered and submit completed LEED project documentation for review. Certi-
cation typically takes three months from submittal.
2005 Program Highlights
2,164 LEED