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F.8L Falco Flight Manual
31
Section 3
Emergency Procedures
Electrical System Failure
If the electrical system fails, switch off the master switch and land as soon as practical.
The landing gear must be extended manually.
! Caution
If the electrical system has failed, it is impossible to extend the flaps. Revise
landing approach as necessary.
!
Electrical System Malfunctions
Alternator Failure
When the ammeter needle is left of the zero (center) position during flight, there is usually a malfunction in
the alternator or regulator. In this case, switch off all equipment not essential to flight safety and land a s
soon as practical.
Short in an Electrical Circuit
The failure of a load due to a short circuit is shown when its associated circuit breaker trips. The circuit
breakers are of two types. The push-pull circuit breaker trips by popping out, revealing a white band. The
switch-type circuit breakers trip by switching themselves to the off position (toggle lever down).
About half a minute after the circuit breaker has tripped, close the circuit breaker again by depressing the
push button (or switching on a switch-type circuit breaker). In the circuit breaker trips again, no further
attempts should be made to reset the circuit breaker, and in no case should it be kept depressed (on held in
the on position in the case of a switch-type circuit breaker), since this could cause a fire in the electrical
system.
Fuses are used to protect the wires for the ammeter, alternator amps meter, landing gear in transit light and
starter warning light. These fuses are difficult or impossible to replace in flight. The failure of these circuits
does not prevent the safe completion of the flight.
Drop in Fuel Pressure
If the fuel pressure falls below the minimum permissible value, the auxiliary electrical fuel pump must b e
turned on. The airplane should be landed as soon a practical.
A pressure drop can be caused by a leaky or clogged fuel line (for example, due to frozen condensation
water). The problem may be confined to one tank only; therefore, switching tanks is suggested for diagnosis.
A pressure drop can also be caused by the failure of the mechanical fuel pump.
A temporary pressure drop will occur shortly before a fuel tank runs dry. Typically, the fuel pressure w i l l
become erratic for 5 to 20 seconds before the tank and fuel lines are completely empty, then the f u e l
pressure will drop sharply and the engine will falter and quit firing. Switch tanks immediately and restart
the engine if it stops firing.

x
Note: If the propeller continues to turn (windmill), no other action (other than switching
tanks) is normally necessary. If the propeller stops turning, it may be necessary to lean
the mixture of fuel injected engines to restart the engine. l
F.8L Falco Flight Manual
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Restarting Engine in Flight
If the propeller continues to turn (windmill):
Fuel selector........................................................................Front tank (or aft tank, but not off)
Master switch ......................................................................On
Ignition switch .....................................................................Both
Throttle...................................................................................Half open
Mixture...................................................................................Full rich
If the propeller stops turning:
Fuel selector........................................................................Front tank (or aft tank, but not off)
Master switch ......................................................................On
Ignition switch .....................................................................Left (or both, but left is better)
Throttle...................................................................................Half open
Propeller RPM..................................................................????
Mixture...................................................................................Full rich (see note below)
Airspeed (approximate)...............................................160 kts (or faster, until engine turns)
Ignition switch .....................................................................Both (after engine starts)
The starter may be used, especially if performed at low altitude.
x
Note: It may be necessary to lean the mixture of fuel injected engines to restart the
engine.
Engine Failure During Spin
In case of engine failure during a spin, immediately apply spin recovery techniques (see Section ????). A p p l y
engine restart instruction only after spin recovery.
Propeller Spinner Failure
Spinner failure is usually indicated by slight, moderate or severe vibration in the engine. To minimize the
vibration, reduce the engine RPM with throttle and propeller RPM controls. If vibration is severe, shut o f f
engine as follows:
Ignition switch .....................................................................O f f
Mixture...................................................................................Lean
Fuel selector valve ...........................................................O f f
Make emergency landing as described below.
Propeller Failure
Propeller failure is usually indicated by severe vibration in the engine (for example, in the case of the loss
of a single blade) or by sudden increase in the engine RPM (for example, in the case of total loss of the
propeller). In either case it is imperative that the engine be stopped as quickly as possible since continued
severe vibration could tear the engine from the airplane, rendering it uncontrollable due to the extreme aft
center of gravity. Immediate action:
Ignition switch .....................................................................O f f
Mixture...................................................................................Lean
Fuel selector valve ...........................................................O f f
Make emergency landing as described below. l
F.8L Falco Flight Manual
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Emergency Landings
! Caution
The master switch should not be switched off until shortly before touchdown, as the
flaps and landing gear are electrically operated.
!
Engine Failure
If possible, establish cause (fuel selector position, ignition). If attempts to restart the engine fail, or if the
propeller suddenly stops (seized pistons, due to lack of lubricant), reduce airspeed to 85 kt and trim the
airplane.
Extend the landing gear, select suitable emergency landing field. No changes in direction greater than 15-20°
near the ground! Maintain airspeed! Tighten seat belts, fuel selector OFF, ignition OFF, landing flaps a s
necessary, master switch OFF. Touch down, brake hard if necessary.
If a normal landing appears impossible, adjust your flight path to contact the ground/obstacle at the slowest
possible speed without stalling the aircraft. The aircrafts altitude should be wings-level, slightly nose-high
to reduce the impact forces as much as possible. This will allow the aircraft structure to absorb much of the
impack while affording the pilot/passenger the maximum protection from the restraint system.
v Warning
Do not allow the aircraft to stall. v
Emergency Extension of Landing Gear
If, for any reason, the landing gear cannot be extended, or if the green gear down indicator light does not
illuminate after operation of the landing gear switch although the red gear in transit indicator light and
yellow gear warning indicator are extinguished, check circuit breakers and then retract the landing gear
again. Determine whether the red gear in transit indicator light illuminates during retraction and whether
the yellow gear warning indicator light flashes (and gear warning horn sounds) when the throttle is p u l l e d
back. If this is the case, normal landing can be conducted after extending the landing gear, as it is simply the
green gear down indicator light that is defective. In this case, the bulb may be replaced from supply o f
spare bulbs (or by using a bulb from another indicator light such as the starter warning light).
If the landing gear cannot be extended electrically, or if the red light continues to light up after actuation o f
the landing gear switch, the landing gear may be extended with the hand crank located between the pilot's
and passenger's seats.
1. Disable landing gear actuation circuit by pulling out its 15 amp circuit breaker (not the 5 amp
circuit breaker for the landing gear indication circuit).
2. Remove the cover between the seats marked Emergency Landing Gear Actuation.
3. Turn over the hand crank to engage with the slotted shaft fitting.
4. Disengage the motor by pulling up on the knurled knob just aft of the hand crank.
5. Turn the hand crank in the direction indicated by the arrow until the green gear down light
illuminates or until the hand crank will not turn (about 100 revolutions).
Landing with Retracted Landing Gear
If, for any reason, a landing with retracted landing gear is necessary, a smo