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H. S. VICTORIA H. S. VICTORIA
A NEW CONCEPT IN
MARINE TRANSPORTATION A NEW CONCEPT IN MARINE TRANSPORTATION
A most unique ship, the H. S. VICTORIA, the 75 passen-
ger hydrofoil will be delivered to Northwest Hydrofoil
Lines of Seattle, Washington for the inauguration of a
new passenger service between Seattle and Victoria, B.C.
The vessel, designed for Northwest Hydrofoil Lines by
Gibbs & Cox of New York, and constructed by Mary-
land Shipbuilding & Drydock Company of Baltimore, is
provided with General Electric Company LM 100 gas-
turbine engines, transmission and gears, and flight con-
trol system. The H. S. VICTORIA truly represents the
most significant advance in the state of the art of hy-
drofoil vessels anywhere.
The vessel is designed to carry 75 passengers and to fly
in 8 to 10 feet waves at the designed speed of 40 knots.
The fully submerged foil system with control surfaces ac-
tivated by a General Electric flight control system was
selected to obtain maximum vessel stability and mini-
mum ship motion for passenger safety and comfort. The
wing-like underwater struts and foils are constructed of
high-tensile strength (HY-80) steel for maximum
strength with minimum weight.
The all aluminum hull, designed for two-compartment
subdivision (i.e., any two adjacent compartments below
the main deck may be flooded and the vessel will remain
afloat) is a hard chine, high deadrise forward, planing
hull form selected for easy entrance, good planing surface
aft, and good re-entry characteristics for take-offs and
landings. Approximately 65 per cent of the main hull is
formed by extruded panels combining shell plating and
toe stiffeners and is of the 5000 series aluminum material.
The passenger cabin is arranged in aircraft fashion with
three and four seats abreast on either side of a longitudi-
nal aisle. The cabin is acoustically and thermally insu-
lated and sheathed in aluminum, and the forward and
after cabin bulkheads are covered with a Firn-a-Flex
walnut wood veneer. The passenger cabin deck is cov-
ered with an acrylan carpeting, and the reclining seats
are vinyl covered and are equipped with foot rests and
seat belts. The cabin is complete with water dispensers,
overhead racks, and two lavatories, one fore and one aft,
are located in the main passenger cabin. All materials of
construction, including curtains, are fire-proof in accor-
dance with U. S. Coast Guard rules and regulations.
The vessel is fully automated and is operated from the
Flight Deck Control Center. The Flight Deck, located
forward, has an unobstructed 360° visibility, and is
equipped with duplicate steering controls for the Cap-
tain and First Officer.
Passenger and crew spaces are fully heated and ven-
tilated by means of a hot air system, and air conditioning
is optional.
The displacement drive compartment, auxiliary machin-
ery space, fuel oil tanks, electronic compartment and
baggage-freight compartment are all located below the
main deck.
The two 1000 HP General Electric LM 100 propulsion
gas-turbines are located in watertight sponsons outside
the main hull and drive through a single train right an-
gle reduction gear system consisting of a reduction gear,
upper and lower spiral bevel gear pairs, vertical shafting
and non-reversing main propellers. The complete trans-
mission system was furnished by the General Electric
Medium Steam Turbine and Generator Department.
A Foil-Borne Control System, designed and manu-
factured by the General Electric Defense Electronic Di-
vision is provided to automatically maintain the stability
of the "VICTORIA" in the foil-borne condition and
provides height, heel, trim and heading control and
power steering.
A 100 HP Harnischfeger light weight displacement drive
diesel engine is provided with a Hydro-Drive retractable
right angle drive unit mounted through the stern of the
main hull to facilitate easy maneuverability in docking,
undocking, and is retracted during normal flight.
The starting, stopping and operations of the main tur-
bines and auxiliary diesel engine is remotely controlled
from the Flight Deck. The remainder of the auxiliaries
are remotely controlled from the control area aft of the
main cabin.
The "VICTORIA" is provided with a 24 volt DC electri-
cal plant with power source from two (2) 500 amp, 30
volt aircraft type generators, one driven off each main
turbine. Emergency power is provided by a separate
auxiliary battery to serve illumination and instrumenta-
tion services in the event of loss of ship's service power.
A second independent auxiliary power source is pro-
vided by a 300 amp generator driven off of the displace-
ment diesel drive.
A Carbon -Boron -Freon (CBRF
3
) fixed flooding fire
fighting system is installed to protect compartments be-
low the main deck and the gas-turbine sponsons. A sea
water fire main runs the length of the "VICTORIA"
with two fire stations located so as to reach any point in
the vessel with a 25 ft. hose.
Four (4) twenty-five man self-inflating life rafts of the
latest type are provided, as required by the U. S. Coast
Guard. The life rafts are completely equipped with self-
inflation equipment; distress signal equipment; first
aid kits; emergency water and rations; and is further
equipped with survival manuals, leak repair kits and
anti-seasick pills.
The "VICTORIA" is fitted with complete navigational
aids and communications equipment, including radio
telephone, a radio direction finder, radar, depth and
forward looking sonar, electric horn and compasses. PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
H. S. VICTORIA
Length Over All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 9
Beam, Hull Maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 0
Beam, Maximum at Foils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 6
Full Load Draft, Displacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1
Full Load, Foilborne, Depth of Submergence

at Foils (Maximum) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6
Full Load, Foilborne, Depth of Submergence

at Foils (Minimum) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 0
Speed, Normal Foilborne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 knots (42 mph)
Speed, Maximum Foilborne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 knots plus

(46 mph plus)
Range at 37 knots, Foilborne,

Full Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 nautical miles
Total Displacement 40 tons
Gross Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 tons
Passengers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 passengers
Crew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Payload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 tons
Power, Normal Foilborne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1850 HP
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
HULL FORM
The hull form of the craft is a hard chine, high deadrise for-
ward, planing hull. This form was chosen to meet the fol-
lowing requirements:
(a) Easy entrance and good planing surface aft for 18-
knot take-off speed.
(b) Good re-entry characteristics to minimize hull pres-
sure forward. Rapid buoyancy build-up forward is
provided to prevent deck immersion in this condi-
tion.
(c) Ease of fabrication, with minimum compound curva-
ture consistent with the above.
CONFIGURATION OF FOILS AND STRUTS
FOILS
A Canard configuration is employed, with full incidence
control foil forward and two main foils, port and starboard,
aft with trailing edge flaps. The foil forward supports ap-
proximately 20% of the weight, while each of the rear foils
supports 40%. Acknowledging that a single foil aft of high
aspect ratio would be a superior foil in lift and drag charac-
teristics, it was decided that a pair of foils separated by
some distance had merit in that they provided for:
(a) The possibility of retraction with minimum design
change in a second generation craft.
(b) Greater roll stability with less flap motion, due to
greater separation.
(c) Only a small portion of the inboard tips is in the
downwash of the forward foil when in steady ahead
flight (a fact confirmed by Stevens model tests).
All foils have straight taper in plan form.
STRUTS

Fore and aft struts are located approximately 1/
8
and 3/
4
(re-
spectively) of the length of the craft from the bow. All strut
leading edges rake forward from top to bottom and the struts GENERAL DESCRIPTION (contd)
taper from top to bottom. The strut trailing edges thus have
considerably more rake forward than the leading edges. This
arrangement is intended to induce an upward flow which, in
conjunction with fences and anti-ventilation plates over the
propellers, should provide good stability in yaw and in
turns. This flow pattern and its effect have been determined
as a result of prototype testing. Strut length was chosen to
permit the craft to perform well in the design sea state with-
out producing excessive strut deflection in turns.
STEERING
The steering ability of the H.S.VICTORIA has been proven;
therefore, this same system will be used on other vessels of
this class;