r answer sheet.
You are to answer all questions in all parts of this examination. Write your
answers to the Part A and Part B1 multiple-choice questions on the separate
answer sheet. Write your answers for the questions in Parts B2, C, and D directly
in this examination booklet. All answers should be written in pen, except for
graphs and drawings which should be done in pencil. You may use scrap paper to
work out the answers to the questions, but be sure to record all your answers on
the answer sheet and in this examination booklet.
When you have completed the examination, you must sign the statement
printed on your separate answer sheet, indicating that you had no unlawful knowl-
edge of the questions or answers prior to the examination and that you have
neither given nor received assistance in answering any of the questions during the
examination. Your answer sheet cannot be accepted if you fail to sign this decla-
ration.
DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION BOOKLET UNTIL THE SIGNAL IS GIVEN. 1 Cloning an individual usually produces organ-
isms that
(1) contain dangerous mutations
(2) contain identical genes
(3) are identical in appearance and behavior
(4) produce enzymes different from the parent
2 Which statement best describes the term theory
as used in the gene-chromosome theory?
(1) A theory is never revised as new scientific
evidence is presented.
(2) A theory is an assumption made by scientists
and implies a lack of certainty.
(3) A theory refers to a scientific explanation
that is strongly supported by a variety of
experimental data.
(4) A theory is a hypothesis that has been sup-
ported by one experiment performed by two
or more scientists.
3 Which two systems are most directly involved in
providing molecules needed for the synthesis of
fats in human cells?
(1) digestive and circulatory
(2) excretory and digestive
(3) immune and muscular
(4) reproductive and circulatory
4 Which statements best describe the relationship
between the terms chromosomes, genes, and
nuclei?
(1) Chromosomes are found on genes. Genes
are found in nuclei.
(2) Chromosomes are found in nuclei. Nuclei
are found in genes.
(3) Genes are found on chromosomes. Chromo-
somes are found in nuclei.
(4) Genes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are found
in chromosomes.
5 Organisms from a particular ecosystem are
shown below.
Which statement concerning an organism in this
ecosystem is correct?
(1) Organism 2 is heterotrophic.
(2) Organism 3 helps recycle materials.
(3) Organism 4 obtains all of its nutrients from
an abiotic source.
(4) Organism 5 must obtain its energy from
organism 1.
6 In a cell, information that controls the produc-
tion of proteins must pass from the nucleus
to the
(1) cell membrane
(3) mitochondria
(2) chloroplasts
(4) ribosomes
5
1
2
3
4
Mouse
Snake
Grass
Fungus
Grasshopper
Living EnvironmentJune 04
[2]
Part A
Answer all questions in this part. [
30
]
Directions (130): For each statement or question, write on your separate answer sheet the number of the
word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. 7 The arrows in the diagram below indicate the
movement of materials into and out of a single-
celled organism.
The movements indicated by all the arrows are
directly involved in
(1) the maintenance of homeostasis
(2) photosynthesis, only
(3) excretion, only
(4) the digestion of minerals
8 The chart below shows relationships between
genes, the environment, and coloration of tomato
plants.
Which statement best explains the final appear-
ance of these tomato plants?
(1) The expression of gene A is not affected by
light.
(2) The expression of gene B varies with the
presence of light.
(3) The expression of gene A varies with the
environment.
(4) Gene B is expressed only in darkness.
9 The diagram below represents a section of a
molecule that carries genetic information.
The pattern of numbers represents
(1) a sequence of paired bases
(2) the order of proteins in a gene
(3) folds of an amino acid
(4) positions of gene mutations
10 In the human pancreas, acinar cells produce
digestive enzymes and beta cells produce
insulin. The best explanation for this is that
(1) a mutation occurs in the beta cells to pro-
duce insulin when the sugar level increases
in the blood
(2) different parts of an individuals DNA are
used to direct the synthesis of different pro-
teins in different types of cells
(3) lowered sugar levels cause the production of
insulin in acinar cells to help maintain
homeostasis
(4) the genes in acinar cells came from one par-
ent while the genes in beta cells came from
the other parent
11 If mitotic cell division is the only way a particu-
lar species of single-celled organism can repro-
duce, it is most likely that
(1) mutations can not occur in this species
(2) the rate of evolution in this species is slower
than in one that reproduces sexually
(3) the number of organisms of this species in
an area will remain constant
(4) this species belongs to the animal kingdom
12 In order for new species to develop, there must
be a change in the
(1) temperature of the environment
(2) migration patterns within a population
(3) genetic makeup of a population
(4) rate of succession in the environment
1
2
1
2
4
3
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
4
3
2
1
2
1
4
3
4
3
4
3
3
4
Single-celled
organism
Organic
compounds
Nitrogenous
wastes
CO
2
O
2
Inherited
Gene
Environmental
Condition
Final
Appearance
A
Light
Green
B
Light
White
A
Dark
White
B
Dark
White
Living EnvironmentJune 04
[3]
[OVER] 13 Which statement is not part of the concept of
natural selection?
(1) Individuals that possess the most favorable
variations will have the best chance of repro-
ducing.
(2) Variation occurs among individuals in a
population.
(3) More individuals are produced than will sur-
vive.
(4) Genes of an individual adapt to a changing
environment.
14 The diagram below shows the evolution of some
different species of flowers.
Which statement about the species is correct?
(1) Species A, B, C, and D came from different
ancestors.
(2) Species C evolved from species B.
(3) Species A, B, and C can interbreed success-
fully.
(4) Species A became extinct.
15 In sexually reproducing species, the number of
chromosomes in each body cell remains the same
from one generation to the next as a direct result of
(1) meiosis and fertilization
(2) mitosis and mutation
(3) differentiation and aging
(4) homeostasis and dynamic equilibrium
16 One function of the placenta in a human is to
(1) surround the embryo and protect it from shock
(2) allow for mixing of maternal blood with fetal
blood
(3) act as the heart of the fetus, pumping blood
until the fetus is born
(4) permit passage of nutrients and oxygen from
the mother to the fetus
17 Some body structures of a human male are
represented in the diagram below.
An obstruction in the structures labeled X would
directly interfere with the
(1) transfer of sperm to a female
(2) production of sperm
(3) production of urine
(4) transfer of urine to the external environment
18 The diagram below represents a beaker contain-
ing a solution of various molecules involved in
digestion.
Which structures represent products of diges-
tion?
(1) A and D
(3) B and E
(2) B and C
(4) D and E
B
C
C
B
A
A
E
E
E
E
A
A
D
D
D
D
X
X
B
C
D
A
Past
Present
Time
Living EnvironmentJune 04
[4] 21 Arrows A, B, and C in the diagram below represent the processes necessary to make the energy stored in
food available for muscle activity.
Food A
Simpler molecules B
Mitochondria C
ATP in muscle cells
The correct sequence of processes represented by A, B, and C is
(1) diffusion
synthesis active transport
(2) digestion
diffusion cellular respiration
(3) digestion
excretion cellular respiration
(4) synthesis
active transport excretion
Base your answer to question 19 on the chart below and on your knowledge of biology.
19 According to most scientists, which sequence best represents the order of biological evolution on Earth?
A
B
C
The diversity of multicellular
organisms increases.
Simple, single-celled
organisms appear.
Multicellular organisms
begin to evolve.
(1) A
B C
(3) B
A C
(2) B
C A
(4) C
A B
20 The diagram below represents what can happen when homeostasis in an organism is threatened.
Which statement provides a possible explanation for these events?
(1) Antibiotics break down harmful substances by the process of digestion.
(2) Some specialized cells mark and other cells engulf microbes during immune
reactions.
(3) Embryonic development of essential organs occurs during pregnancy.
(4) Cloning removes abnormal cells produced during differentiation.
Living EnvironmentJune 04
[5]
[OVER] 22 Which statement best describes what will most
likely happen when an individual receives a vac-
cination containing a weakened pathogen?
(1) The ability to fight disease will increase due
to antibodies received from the pathogen.
(2) The ability to fight disease caused by the
pathogen will increase due to antibody pro-
duction.
(3) The ability to produce antibodies will
decrease after the vaccination.
(4) The ability to resist most types of diseases
will increase.
23 When a certain plant is without water for an
extended period of time, guard cells close open-
ings in the leaves of the plant. This activity con-
serves water and illustrates
(1) cellular communication involving the action
of nerve cells and receptor sites
(2) an increase in rate of growth due to a low
concentration of water
(3) maintenance of a dynamic equilibrium
through detection and response to stimuli
(4) a response to one biotic factor in the envi-
ronment
24 W