................................1-20
Stainless Steel ........................................1-19
DRAG
Rope........................................................1-13
DRILLING AND WELL WIRE ROPE.........1-15
ELEVATOR
Wire Rope ...............................................1-14
FLATTENED STRAND WIRE ROPE.........1-12
HERRINGBONE
Wire Rope ...............................................1-13
LOGGING
Wire Rope ...............................................1-15
METRIC/ENGLISH
Conversion Tables .....................................1-8
MINING AND EXCAVATION WIRE ROPE 1-13
MINING AND TRAMWAY WIRE ROPE .....1-14
ROTATION
Resistant Wire Rope ...............................1-11
STAINLESS
Steel Cable..............................................1-19
STRAND
Hoist Wire Rope ......................................1-13
SWAGED
Wire Rope ...............................................1-15
TOWER CRANE
Wire Rope ...............................................1-11
WIRE ROPE 101
Abrasion and Bending ..............................1-4
Block Twisting .......................................1-45
Calculating Drum Capacity .......................1-8
Common Abuses.......................................1-5
Common Causes of Failure ......................1-6
Conversion Tables Metric/English .............1-8
Cross Sections (Illustrations) ....................1-2
Design and Construction...........................1-1
Glossary ............................................1-2122
Inspection ..................................................1-3
Installation .................................................1-7
Lay of Wire Rope .....................................1-1
Lubrication.................................................1-7
Matching Rope to Sheave and Drum....1-78
Matching Sheave Groove to Rope ............1-8
Nominal Strength ......................................1-3
Operating...................................................1-7
Physical Properties ...................................1-6
Rope Strength Design Factors..................1-4
Selection Guide.........................................1-6
Sheave Inspection.....................................1-3
Weights .....................................................1-3
What Wire Rope Is... .................................1-1
Wire Grades ..............................................1-1
WIRE ROPE
7-Strand...................................................1-16
Bridge Rope ............................................1-16
Cable .................................................1-1820
Corrosion Resistant.................................1-17
Drag.........................................................1-13
Electrical Construction ............................1-14
Elevator ...................................................1-14
Flattened Strand......................................1-12
Galvanized Structural Strand ..................1-16
Galvanized Wire Strand ..........................1-12
General Purpose .....................................1-10
Herringbone ............................................1-13
High Performance ...................................1-12
Logging ...................................................1-15
Marine Application...................................1-14
Oil/Gas Drilling ........................................1-15
Plastic Filled Valley..................................1-17
Rotation Resistant...................................1-11
Stainless..................................................1-19
Strand Hoist ............................................1-13
Surface Mining ........................................1-13
Swage .....................................................1-15
Tower Power............................................1-11
Tramway ..................................................1-14
Underground Mining................................1-14
Well Service ............................................1-15
WIRE ROPE, GENERAL PURPOSE
6 x 7 Classification ..................................1-10
6 x 19 Classification ................................1-10
6 x 19 Seale
6 x 21 Filler Wire
6 x 25 Filler Wire
6 x 26 Warrington Seale
6 x 31 Warrington Seal
6 x 36 Warrington Seale
6 x 37 Classification ................................1-10
6 x 41 Seale Filler Wire
6 x 41 Warrington Seale
6 x 49 Seale Warrington Seale
S E C T I O N 1
Wire Rope WWW.HANESSUPPLY.COM
Buffalo - Headquarters:
716.826.2636
FAX:
716.826.4412
Albany/NE Division:
518.438.0139
FAX:
518.438.5343
Rochester Division:
585.235.0160
FAX:
585.235.0229
Hanes Supply of SC, Inc.
CCISCO:
843.238.1338
FAX:
843.238.8337
1- B
1
Wire Rope
NOTES Wire Rope
WWW.HANESSUPPLY.COM
Buffalo - Headquarters:
716.826.2636
FAX:
716.826.4412
Albany/NE Division:
518.438.0139
FAX:
518.438.5343
Rochester Division:
585.235.0160
FAX:
585.235.0229
Hanes Supply of SC, Inc.
CCISCO:
843.238.1338
FAX:
843.238.8337
1- 1
1
Wire Rope
What Wire Rope Is...
A wire rope is a piece of flexible, multi-
wired, stranded machinery made of many
precision parts.
Usually a wire rope consists of a core
member, around which a number of multi-
wired strands are laid or helically bent.
There are two general types of cores for
wire rope - fiber cores an wire cores. The
fiber core may be made from natural or
synthetic fibers. The wire core can be an
Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC), or
a Strand Core (SC).
The purpose of the core is to provide
support and maintain the position of the
outer strands during operation.
Any number of multi-wired strands may
be laid around the core. The most popular
arrangement is six strands around the
core, as this combination gives the best
balance.
The number of wires per strand may
vary from 3 to 91, with the majority of wire
ropes failing into the 7-wire, 19-wire, or
37-wire strand categories.
Core
Strand
Wire
Wire Rope
The lays of Wire Rope
Lay of a wire rope is simply a description of the way wires and strands
are placed during construction. Right lay and left lay refer to the direction
of strands. Right lay means that the strands pass from left to right across
the rope. Left lay means just the opposite: strands pass from right to left.
Regular lay and lang lay describe the way wires are placed within each
strand. Regular lay means that wires in the strands are laid opposite in
direction to the lay of the strands. Lang lay means that wires are laid in
the same direction as the lay of the strands.
Most of the wire rope used is right
lay, regular lay. This specification has
the widest range of applications and
meets the requirements of most
equipment. In fact, other lay specifica-
tions are considered exceptions and
must be requested when ordering.
Here are some exceptions
Lang lay is recommended for many
excavating, construction, and mining
applications, including draglines, hoist
lines, dredgelines and other similar
lines. Here's why: Lang lay ropes are
more flexible than regular lay ropes.
They also have greater wearing sur-
face per wire than regular lay ropes.
Where properly recommended,
installed and used, lang lay ropes can
be used to greater advantage than
regular lay ropes. However, lang lay
ropes are more susceptible to the
abuses of bending over small diame-
ter sheaves, pinching in undersize
sheave grooves, crushing when wind-
ing on drums, and failing due to
excessive rotation. Left lay rope has
greatest usage in oil fields on rod and
tubing lines, blast hole rigs, and spud-
ders where rotation of right lay rope
would loosen couplings. The rotation
of a left lay rope tightens a standard
coupling.
Left Lay REGULAR LAY
Right Lay REGULAR LAY
Left Lay LANG LAY
Right Lay LANG LAY
Right Alternate Lay
Wire Rope Design & Construction
Wire ropes are composed of independent partswires, strands and cores-
that continuously interact with each other during service.
Wire rope engineers design those parts in differing steel grades, finish-
es and a variety of constructions to attain the best balance of strength,
abrasion resistance, crush resistance, bending fatigue resistance and cor-
rosion resistance for each application.
To select the best wire rope for each application, one must know the
required performance characteristics for the job and enough about wire
rope design to select the optimum combination of wire rope properties.
The following information is presented as a basic guide. Hanes Supply
engineers and field service specialists are available to provide more spe-
cific recommendations.
Strand Constructions
Strands are designed with various combinations of wires and wire sizes to
produce the desired resistance to fatigue and abrasion. Generally, a small
number of large wires will be more abrasion resistant and less fatigue
resistant than a large number of small wires.
Single Size
The basic strand construction has wires of the same
size wound around a center.
Seale
Large outer wires with the same number of smaller inner
wires around a core wire. Provides excellent abrasion
resistance but less fatigue resistance. When used with
an IWRC, it offers excellent crush resistance over drums.
Filler Wire
Small wires fill spaces between large wires to produce
crush resistance and a good balance of strength, flexibil-
ity and resistance to abrasion.
Warrington
Outer layer of alternately large and small wires provides
good flexibility and strength but low abrasion and crush
resistance.
Many commonly used wire ropes use combinations of these basic con-
structions.
Seale Filler Wire Filler Wire Seale Warrington Seale Seale Warrington Seale
Multiple Operation
One of the above strand designs ma