Process for Stabilizing Contaminated Sludge
in Buried Horizontal Tanks with Limited Access at the Oak
Ridge National Laboratory and Savannah River Site



J. L. Kauschinger
Ground Environmental Services
200 Berry Glen Court
Alpharetta, Georgia 30202

B. E. Lewis
R. D. Spence
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831



February 2000




Prepared by the
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
Managed by
LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
For the
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Under contract DE-AC05-96OR22464




"The submitted manuscript has been authored by a
contractor of the U.S. Government under contract No.
DE-AC05-96OR22464. Accordingly, the U.S.
Government retains a paid-up, nonexclusive,
irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce
the published form of this contribution, prepare
derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and
perform publicly and display publicly, or allow others
to do so, for U.S. Government purposes."


ii
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

The multi-point injection (MPI
TM
) system is a patented technology exclusively licensed to
Ground Environmental Services, Inc. (GES), by the inventor, Dr. Joseph L. Kauschinger. It is
covered under U.S. Patents 5,645,377 and 5,860,907 with other patents pending. The MPI
system has been reduced to practice using private corporate funding to demonstrate its the
practicability. The cold demonstration was performed and this report was prepared as part of a
subcontract for Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation (LMER) on a no-royalty-fee
basis. In consideration of GESs temporarily waving the royalty fees for the work described in
this report, any information presented at meetings or in reports or technical memorandum
submitted as part of the subcontract between GES and LMER will be considered (1) as limited
rights data, as defined in the subcontract terms with respect to the MPI tools and procedures
used, and (2) not construed to provide any other license or transfer of technology to Lockheed
Martin or its subsidiaries, the U.S. government, or any other entity reviewing this report.

This intellectual property disclosure statement must accompany any reproduction or use of this
memorandum. All rights are reserved by GES.


iii
CONTENTS
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISCLOSURE STATEMENT............................... ii
CONTENTS ................................................................................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLES ..........................................................................................................iv
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................iv
ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................vi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... vii
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................1
1.1 GENERAL FEATURES OF THE MULTI-POINT (MPI) TECHNOLOGY .............................1

1.2 REVIEW OF FY 1998 RESULTS FOR SMALL-DIAMETER CYLINDRICAL TANKS ...........2

1.3 TANK SELECTION FOR FY 1999 MPI DEMONSTRATION ..................................................4

1.3.1 ORNL OHF Tanks...........................................................................................................................4

1.3.2 SRS Tank S-21 ................................................................................................................................6

1.4 MPI TOOL DEPLOYMENT CONSIDERATIONS .....................................................................8

2. MPI GENERAL TEST PROGRAM FOR HORIZONTAL TANKS WITH
LIMITED ACCESS.......................................................................................................11
2.1 MAJOR PARTICIPANTS AND SUPPLIERS ................................................................................11

2.2 PUMPABILITY OF ORNL SLAG-CEMENT FORMULATION.................................................11

2.2.1 FY 1998 Pumpability Test.............................................................................................................11

2.2.2 FY 1999 Pumpability Test.............................................................................................................12

2.3 MPI INJECTION OF ORNL AND SRS TEST TANKS.............................................................13

2.4 NONHAZARDOUS PHYSICAL SURROGATE ............................................................................13

2.4.1 ORNL Physical Surrogate .............................................................................................................13

2.4.2 SRS Physical Surrogate .................................................................................................................15

2.5 EQUIPMENT LAYOUT....................................................................................................................17

2.5.1 Dry Blend Storage and Grout Mixing Plant...................................................................................18

2.5.2 High-Pressure Pumps.....................................................................................................................18

2.6 INSTALLATION OF MPI TOOLS..................................................................................................20

2.6.1 MPI Process Inside the ORNL Test Tank .....................................................................................20

2.6.2 MPI Process Inside the SRS Test Tank .........................................................................................20

2.7 EFFECT OF JETTING DIRECTLY ON METAL WALL ............................................................25

3. EXHUMATION OF GROUTED MONOLITH ....................................................27
4. CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................29
5. REFERENCES..........................................................................................................30
iv

LIST OF TABLES
T
ABLE
1. OHF
TANK DESCRIPTIONS
. .........................................................................................................5

T
ABLE
2. G
ENERAL INFORMATION ON
SRS T
ANK
S-21. ...........................................................................7

T
ABLE
3. S
LAG
-
CEMENT GROUT FORMULATION DEVELOPED AT
ORNL
AND USED DURING
FY 1998
AND
FY 1999
COLD DEMONSTRATIONS OF THE
MPI
TECHNOLOGY
. ......................................................12



LIST OF FIGURES
F
IG
. 1. P
HOTOGRAPH OF
MPI
VERTICAL TOOL LYING ON THE GROUND DURING TRAINING SESSIONS
FOR THE
FY 1998 MPI
DEMONSTRATION IN
D
UNCAN
, O
KLAHOMA
. ................................................2

F
IG
. 2. P
HOTOGRAPH SHOWING A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE TEST TANK USED DURING THE
FY 1999
COLD DEMONSTRATION OF
MPI
TECHNOLOGY
. .................................................................................6

F
IG
. 3. S
KETCH OF
SRS ORWBG T
ANK
S-21. N
OTE
: R
EPRODUCED FROM
A. P
RESTON
, T
ECHNICAL
R
EPORT ON THE
O
LD
S
OLVENT
T
ANKS
V
IDEO
S
URVEY
S
UMMARY
,

WSRC-RP-98-04225...................7

F
IG
. 4. E
LEVATION AND PLAN VIEWS OF
ORNL OHF
TEST TANK
,
ILLUSTRATING THE OVERALL
CONCEPT FOR DEPLOYMENT OF THE
MPI
TECHNOLOGY
.

N
OTE
: A
LL INFORMATION IN THIS FIGURE IS
MARKED AS LIMITED RIGHTS DATA UNDER THE TERMS OF THE SUBCONTRACTS BETWEEN
GES
AND
LMER. MPI
IS PROTECTED UNDER
U.S. P
ATENTS
N
OS
. 5,860,907
AND
5,645,377
WITH SEVERAL
OTHER PATENTS PENDING
. ......................................................................................................................9

F
IG
. 5. E
LEVATION AND PLAN VIEWS OF
SRS
TEST TANK
,
ILLUSTRATING THE OVERALL CONCEPT FOR
DEPLOYMENT OF THE
MPI
TECHNOLOGY
.

N
OTE
: A
LL INFORMATION IN THIS
F
IGURE IS MARKED AS
LIMITED RIGHTS DATA UNDER THE TERMS OF THE SUBCONTRACTS BETWEEN
GES
AND
LMER. MPI
IS
PROTECTED UNDER
U.S. P
ATENTS
N
OS
. 5,860,907
AND
5,645,377
WITH SEVERAL OTHER PATENTS
PENDING
. ..............................................................................................................................................10

F
IG
. 6. E
LEVATION AND PLAN VIEW OF
ORNL OHF
TEST TANK
,
ILLUSTRATING THE TYPE AND
LOCATION OF PHYSICAL SURROGATES
. .............................................................................................14

F
IG
. 7. E
LEVATION AND PLAN VIEW OF THE
SRS
TEST TANK
,
ILLUSTRATING THE TYPE AND
LOCATION OF PHYSICAL SURROGATES
.
......................................................................................16

F
IG
. 8. E
QUIPMENT LAYOUT FOR COLD DEMONSTRATION
. .....................................................................17

F
IG
. 9. O
VERVIEW OF EQUIPMENT USED DURING THE
FY 1999 MPI
COLD DEMONSTRATION IN
O
DESSA
,
T
EXAS
..................................................................................................................................................19

F
IG
. 10. C
LOSE
-
UP PHOTOGRAPHS OF
MPI
TOOL USED IN
SRS
TANK DURING
FY 1999
COLD
DEMONSTRATION
: (
A
)
INSERTION INTO
4-
IN
.-
DIAM RISER PIPE AND
(
B
)
TOOL BEING LOWERED
THROUGH CARRIER CASING INSIDE
SRS
TEST TANK
.

N
OTE
: A
LL INFORMATION IN THIS
F
IGURE IS
MARKED AS LIMITED RIGHTS DATA UNDER THE TERMS OF THE SUBCONTRACTS BETWEEN
GES